Spatial Structure and Activity of Sedimentary Microbial Communities Underlying a Beggiatoa spp. Mat in a Gulf of Mexico Hydrocarbon Seep 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Spatial Structure and Activity of Sedimentary Microbial Communities Underlying a Beggiatoa spp. Mat in a Gulf of Mexico Hydrocarbon Seep 英文参考文献.doc

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Spatial Structure and Activity of Sedimentary Microbial Communities Underlying a Beggiatoa spp. Mat in a Gulf of Mexico Hydrocarbon Seep 英文参考文献

SpatialStructureandActivityofSedimentaryMicrobial CommunitiesUnderlyingaBeggiatoaspp.MatinaGulf ofMexicoHydrocarbonSeep KarenG.Lloyd1*,DanielB.Albert1,JenniferF.Biddle1,JeffreyP.Chanton2,OscarPizarro3 ,Andreas Teske1 1DepartmentofMarineSciences,UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,ChapelHill,NorthCarolina,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofOceanography,Florida StateUniversity,Tallahassee,Florida,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3AustralianCentreforFieldRobotics,TheUniversityofSydney,Sydney,Australia Abstract Background: Subsurface fluids from deep-sea hydrocarbon seeps undergo methane- and sulfur-cycling microbial transformationsnearthesedimentsurface.Hydrocarbonseephabitatsarenaturallypatchy,withamosaicofactiveseep sedimentsandnon-seepsediments.Microbialcommunityshiftsandchangingactivitypatternsonsmallspatialscalesfrom seeptonon-seepsedimentremaintobeexaminedinacomprehensivehabitatstudy. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Weconductedatransectofbiogeochemicalmeasurementsandgeneexpressionrelated tomethane-andsulfur-cyclingatdifferentsedimentdepthsacrossabroadBeggiatoaspp.matatMississippiCanyon118 (MC118)intheGulfofMexico.Highprocessrateswithinthemat(,400cmand,10cmfromthemat’sedge)contrasted with sharply diminished activity at ,50cm outside the mat, as shown by sulfate and methane concentration profiles, radiotracer rates of sulfate reduction and methane oxidation, and stable carbon isotopes. Likewise, 16S ribosomal rRNA, dsrAB (dissimilatory sulfite reductase) and mcrA (methyl coenzyme M reductase) mRNA transcripts of sulfate-reducing bacteria(DesulfobacteraceaeandDesulfobulbaceae)andmethane-cyclingarchaea(ANME-1andANME-2)wereprevalentat thesedimentsurfaceunderthematandatitsedge.Outsidethematatthesurface,16SrRNAsequencesindicatedmostly aerobescommonlyfoundinseawater.Theseep-relatedcommunitiespersistedat12–20cmdepthinsideandoutsidethe mat.16SrRNAtranscriptsandV6-tagsrevealthatbacterialandarchaealdiversityunderneaththemataresimilartoeach other,incontrasttooxicormicrooxichabitatsth