Toxicity of polymyxins a systematic review of the evidence from old and recent studies 英文参考文献.docVIP
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Toxicity of polymyxins a systematic review of the evidence from old and recent studies 英文参考文献
Available online /content/10/1/R27
Research
Open Access
Vol 10 No 1
Toxicity of polymyxins: a systematic review of the evidence from
old and recent studies
Matthew E Falagas1,2,3 and Sofia K Kasiakou1
1Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), Athens, Greece
2Department of Medicine, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece
3Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Corresponding author: Matthew E Falagas, matthew.falagas@
Received: 7 Oct 2005 Revisions requested: 3 Jan 2006 Revisions received: 13 Jan 2006 Accepted: 18 Jan 2006 Published: 13 Feb 2006
Critical Care 2006, 10:R27 (doi:10.1186/cc3995)
This article is online at: /content/10/1/R27
? 2006 Falagas and Kasiakou; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background The increasing problem of multidrug-resistant
Gram-negative bacteria causing severe infections and the
shortage of new antibiotics to combat them has led to the re-
evaluation of polymyxins. These antibiotics were discovered
from different species of Bacillus polymyxa in 1947; only two of
them, polymyxin B and E (colistin), have been used in clinical
practice. Their effectiveness in the treatment of infections due to
susceptible Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas
Results It was reported in the old literature that the use of
polymyxins was associated with considerable toxicity, mainly
nephrotoxicity
and neurotoxicity, including neuromuscular
blockade. However, recent studies showed that the incidence of
nephrotoxicity is less common and severe compared to the old
studies. In addition, neurotoxic effects of polymyxins are usually
mild and resolve after prompt discontinuation of the antibiotics.
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