Use of Incineration MSW Ash A Review 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sustainability 2010, 2, 1943-1968; doi:10.3390/su2071943 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/sustainability Review Use of Incineration MSW Ash: A Review Charles H. K. Lam, Alvin W. M. Ip, John Patrick Barford and Gordon McKay * Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; E-Mails: keking@ust.hk (C.H.K.L.); keiwm@ust.hk (A.W.M.I.); barford@ust.hk (J.P.B.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: kemckayg@ust.hk; Tel.: +85-223-588-412; Fax: +85-223-580-054. Received: 15 May 2010; in revised form: 1 June 2010 / Accepted: 28 June 2010 / Published: 2 July 2010 Abstract: This study reviews the characteristics of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ashes, with a main focus on the chemical properties of the ashes. Furthermore, the possible treatment methods for the utilization of ash, namely, separation processes, solidification/stabilization and thermal processes, are also discussed. Seven types of MSWI ash utilization are reviewed, namely, cement and concrete production, road pavement, glasses and ceramics, agriculture, stabilizing agent, adsorbents and zeolite production. The practical use of MSWI ash shows a great contribution to waste minimization as well as resources conservation. Keywords: municipal solid waste; fly ash; incineration; waste management; waste utilization; hazardous waste 1. Introduction Thousands of millions of tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) are produced every year. Waste management and utilization strategies are major concern in many countries. Incineration is a common technique for treating waste, as it can reduce waste mass by 70% and volume by up to 90%, as well as providing recovery of energy from waste to generate electricity. Generally, municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) produces two main types of ash, which can be grouped as bottom as