Use of the Aerosol Rabbitpox Virus Model for Evaluation of Anti-Poxvirus Agents 英文参考文献.docVIP

Viruses 2010, 2, 2096-2107; doi:10.3390/v2092096 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review Use of the Aerosol Rabbitpox Virus Model for Evaluation of Anti-Poxvirus Agents Chad J. Roy 1,2,* and Thomas G. Voss 2 1 Infectious Disease Aerobiology, Microbiology Division, Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, Louisiana, USA 2 Department of Microbiology Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; E-Mail: tvoss@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: croy@; Tel.: +1-985-871-6417; Fax: +1-985-871-6260. Received: 26 August 2010; in revised form: 2 September 2010 / Accepted: 8 September 2010 / Published: 27 September 2010 Abstract: Smallpox is an acute disease caused by infection with variola virus that has had historic effects on the human population due to its virulence and infectivity. Because variola remains a threat to humans, the discovery and development of novel pox therapeutics and vaccines has been an area of intense focus. As variola is a uniquely human virus lacking a robust animal model, the development of rational therapeutic or vaccine approaches for variola requires the use of model systems that reflect the clinical aspects of human infection. Many laboratory animal models of poxviral disease have been developed over the years to study host response and to evaluate new therapeutics and vaccines for the treatment or prevention of human smallpox. Rabbitpox (rabbitpox virus infection in rabbits) is a severe and often lethal infection that has been identified as an ideal disease model for the study of poxviruses in a non-rodent species. The aerosol infection model (aerosolized rabbitpox infection) embodies many of the desired aspects of the disease syndrome that involves the respiratory system and thus may serve as an appropriate model for evaluation of antivira