宇文所安《原道》篇“文”的翻译.docVIP

宇文所安《原道》篇“文”的翻译 　　【摘要】 《文心雕龙?原道》中的“文”是一个文化内涵丰富的概念。只有借助广泛的源语社会文化互文资源，“文”的含意才能够在语际交流中获得有效的传达。经典作品中文化因素的理解与转达需要互文的支持。 　　【关键词】宇文所安；《原道》；文；互文 　　 　　《文心雕龙?原道》同《征圣》《宗经》《正纬》《辩骚》，被刘勰称为“文之枢纽”(《文心雕龙?序志》)，也即《文心雕龙》全书的总论。其中的《原道》篇又可以说是“枢纽的枢纽”，因为其包含了刘勰对文学本体论的探讨。《原道》篇中的“文”是最核心的一个概念。《原道》篇中“文”字共有20 处。除“文王”“丹文”两处专有名词外，其余18 处在意义上有关联，但也不尽相同。《原道》篇的翻译，目前Stephen Owen (宇文所安) 与Vincent Yu chung Shih (施友忠) 两个译本(以下简称宇文译与施译) 。宇文所安与施友忠都对《文心雕龙》做了大量的研究，对译文的表达也竭尽全力，但两家对“文”这一文化内涵丰富的概念的翻译既有相同之处，又有相异之点。囿于篇幅，我们只对其中处“文”的翻译进行探讨。 　　1. 文之为德也大矣，与天地并生者，何哉? 夫玄黄色杂，方圆体分，日月叠壁，以垂丽天之象；山川焕绮，以铺理地之形：此盖道之文也。 　　宇文译：As an inner power (德) , pattern (文) is very great indeed , born together with heaven and earth. And how is this? All colors are compounded of two primary colors, the purple that is heaven and the brown that is Earth. All forms are distinguished through two primary forms, Earths squareness and Heavens circularity. The sun and moon are successive disks of jade, showing to those below images that cleave to Heaven. Rivers and mountains are glittering finery, unrolling forms that give order to Earth. These are the patterns of the Way. 　　施译: Wen, or pattern, is a very great virtue indeed. It is born together with heaven and earth. Why do we say this? Because all color patterns are mixed of black and yellow, and all shape-pat-terns are differentiated by round and square. The sun and moon like two pieces of jade manifest the pattern of heaven; mountain and rivers in their beauty display the pattern of earth. These are, in fact, the wen of Tao itself. 　　Note : The term“wen”has no simple English equivalent. As it is used here at the outset of the treatise, it signifies a wide variety of patterns that envelop all aspects of the universe. The fact that each aspect has its own particular pattern seems to have struck Liu Hsieh with great force. The use of a single term to cover all these different. 　　《原道》篇探讨文学的起源，所以刘勰开篇提到的“文”显然要从形而上的层面来理解。宇文译与施译虽然都从广义的文化互文来理解“文”，都将“文”译为pattern，但两家的翻译策略并不相同，施译拼音加注，宇文译虽然将“德”“文”等汉字嵌入文中