DendriticCell课件.pptVIP

Dendritic Cell Seminar 树突状细胞课题研讨 CONTENTS Part One Brief Introduction Part Two Genesis and Distribution Part Three Life Cycle Part Four Function Part Five Application in Clinical Immunology Part Six In vitro culture Part One Brief Introduction 树突状细胞的简介 Pictures of DCs History The word dendritic means “branched like a tree. It comesfrom the Greek dendron (tree) . Dendritic cells were first described by Paul Langerhans (Langerhans cells) in the late nineteenth century. It wasnt until 1973, however, that the term dendritic cells was coined by Ralph M. Steinman. In 2007 Steinman was awarded the Albert Lasker Medical Research Award for his discovery. Brief Introduction Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells (APCs) that possess the ability to stimulate na?ve T cells. They comprise a system of leukocytes widely distributed in all tissues, especially in those that provide an environmental interface. DCs are receiving increasing scientific and clinical interest due to their key role in anti-cancer host responses and potential use as biological adjuvants in tumour vaccines, as well as their involvement in the immunobiology of tolerance and autoimmunity. Part Two Genesis and Distribution 树突状细胞的起源与分布 树突状细胞的来源 根据来源，可将DC 分为髓系来源的DC（myeloid DC）及淋巴系来源的DC（lymphoid DC）两大类，尽管这两大类DC 均起源于体内的多能造血干细胞，但它们来源于各自的前体细胞且各有不同的功能特点，其差别之一在于髓系DC 前体（与单核、粒细胞有共同的祖细胞）能分化发育成巨噬细胞，而淋巴系DC 前体（与T、NK 细胞有共同前体细胞）能分化为淋巴细胞。大多数DC来源于骨髓，由骨髓进入外周血，再分布到全身各组织。 树突状细胞分布与命名 DC 广泛分布于脑以外的全身各脏器，数量少仅占人外周血单个核细胞的1 %以下,占小鼠脾脏的0.2-0.5 % 。 根据分布部位的不同，可将DC 大致分为 ①淋巴样组织中的DC，主要包括 并指状DC（interdigitating cell, IDC） 边缘区DC 滤泡样DC（follicular DC, FDC） ②非淋巴样组织中的DC，包括 间质性DC 郎格汉斯细胞（Langerhans cell, LC）等 ③体液中的DC，包括 隐蔽细胞（veiled cell） 血液DC LC 是位于表皮和胃肠道上皮部位的未成熟DC，高表达FcR、补体受体、MHC I、II 类分子，胞浆内含有称为Birbeck 颗粒的特征性细胞器，可用于LC 的鉴定；LC