Emergence of the Coherent Structure of Liquid Water.docVIP

Emergence of the Coherent Structure of Liquid Water.doc

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Emergence of the Coherent Structure of Liquid Water

Water 2012, 4, 510-532; doi:10.3390/w4030510 OPEN ACCESS water ISSN 2073-4441 /journal/water Article Emergence of the Coherent Structure of Liquid Water Ivan Bono 1, Emilio Del Giudice 2, Luca Gamberale 3 and Marc Henry 4,* 1 Consultant via Malta 24, Torino 10141, Italy; E-Mail: ivanbono.mail@libero.it 2 Consultant via Friuli 21, Milano 20135, Italy; E-Mail: emilio.delgiudice@mi.infn.it 3 Consultant via Mauro Macchi 26, Milano 20124, Italy; E-Mail: luca.gamberale@ 4 Laboratoire de chimie moléculaire de l’état solide, Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7140 UdS/CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, Strasbourg Cedex 67081, France * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: henry@unistra.fr; Tel.: +39-02-5031-7734; Fax: +39-02-5031-7208. Received: 29 May 2012; in revised form: 29 June 2012 / Accepted: 2 July 2012 / Published: 9 July 2012 Abstract: We examine in some detail the interaction of water molecules with the radiative electromagnetic field and find the existence of phase transitions from the vapor phase to a condensed phase where all molecules oscillate in unison, in tune with a self-trapped electromagnetic field within extended mesoscopic space regions (Coherence Domains). The properties of such a condensed phase are examined and found to be compatible with the phenomenological properties of liquid water. In particular, the observed value of critical density is calculated with good accuracy. Keywords: liquid phase; quantum electrodynamics; coherence; liquid water; critical density 1. Introduction In the last two decades a conceptual change has occurred in the physics of condensed matter. For a long time condensed matter has been conceived as an ensemble of atoms/molecules kept together by static short-range forces. Liquid water has been no exception to this trend. In references [1,2] much material has been presented to describe the formation of a network of water molecules tied by the

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