European Union and German law on co-existence Individualisation of a systemic problem.docVIP

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European Union and German law on co-existence Individualisation of a systemic problem.doc

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European Union and German law on co-existence Individualisation of a systemic problem

WinterandStoppe-RamadanEnvironmentalSciencesEurope2011,23:28 /content/23/1/28 DISCUSSION OpenAccess EuropeanUnionandGermanlawonco- existence:Individualisationofasystemicproblem GerdWinter*andSarahStoppe-Ramadan* Abstract Background:Co-existenceofthecultivationofgeneticallymodifiedandnon-geneticallymodifiedcropsis commonlyregardedasasuitablewayoutoftheclashofperceptionsofenvironmentalorhealthrisksof geneticallymodifiedorganisms.Itallowssettingasideaclearrisk-baseddecisionfororagainstgeneticallymodified organisms,becausealltypesofagricultureshallbegiventhepossibilitytoexistsidebyside. Still,co-existenceentailsconflictswhichthelawstrivestosolve.EuropeanUnionlawisreticentastobindingco- existencemeasuresandhasleftthistasktothememberstates.TakingGermanyasacase,theestablishedrules havenotbeeneffectivebecausetheyshiftconflictresolutiontothelocalandindividuallevel.Asystemicapproach suggeststheuseoflandscapeplanningasameansofclusteringdifferentkindsofagriculture. Methods:ThepertinentEuropeanUnionandGermanlawissummarisedandinterpreted.Itseffectsareanalysed andexplained.Fromthisreform,suggestionsarederived. Results:AccordingtotheEuropeanUnion,conceptionmeasuresaimingatreducinghealthandenvironmental risksofgeneticallymodifiedorganismsmustbeseparatedfrommeasuresaimingatensuringtheeconomicco- existenceofdifferentkindsofagriculture.Incontrast,Germanlawongenetechnologydoesnotpreciselyseparate riskmitigationmeasuresfromco-existencemeasures.Themeasuresallaimatsolvingtheconflictsbetweenthe individuallandownersandthusfailtorecognisethesystemiccharacteroftheconflictbetweenagricultures.The systemicconflictcanbetterbesolvedbynon-bindinglandscapeplanningoralegallybindingagrarianutilisation plan,yettobedeveloped.Legislationaddressingtheconflictofagriculturemustrespectitsconstitutional dimension,i.e.theclashofbasicrightstopropertyandentrepreneurialfreedomofconventional,organicand geneticallymodifiedorganismfarmers,industry,commerceandconsumers.Bindingandnon-bindingplanning measuresarecompat