Expectation of variance due to mitochondrial genes from several mating designs.docVIP

(*) Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011 U.S.A. () ** LN.R.A., Station de Génétique quantitative et appliquée, F 78350 Jouy-en-Josas. Genetic variation due to non-nuclear DNA has been generally ignored by animal breeders. Recent evidence has confirmed that mitochondrial inheritance is predominantly of maternal origin in mammals. Advances in biotechnology make manipulation of non-nuclear and nuclear material in embryos likely in the future. Estimation of the relative importance of direct, matemal and Expectations of causal components of variance from previously used mating and crossfostering designs are modified to include variation due to mitochondrial (cytoplasmic) material. The efficiencies of the designs are compared, as well as the statistical consequences of adding the mitochondrial component to the original models. The designs presented have limitations due to possible confounding of maternal, grand-maternal and mitochondrial effects and to their being not adequate for all animal species and traits. However techniques such as embryo transfer can circumvent those difficulties. Possibilities of using improved designs clearly depend on biotechnolo- gical advances and on the cost of implementing those new techniques. Espérance de la variance due à des gènes mitochondriaux dans divers plans d’accouplement La génétique due à l’ADN extra-nucléaire a généralement été ignorée en génétique l’hérédité mitochondriale est, d’une manière prédo- animale. Des résultats récents confirment que minante, d’origine maternelle chez les mammifères. Les progrès de la biotechnologie permettront vraisemblablement à l’avenir de manipuler le matériel nucléaire et extra-nucléaire de l’estimation de l’importance relative de la variation génétique directe, maternelle et servir à mieux évaluer l’intérêt de ces nouvelles techniques. Les espérances des composantes causales de variance dans des plans d’accouplements et d’adoptions croisées util