汉英翻译技巧课件.pptVIP

汉英翻译技巧 千万不要被词的表面所迷惑 “上课了？” (Have you) Just finished your class? How’s your first class? Has the bell gone?/Am I late for class? 他（听到这话）心里一跳，脸色也变了。 His heart jumped and the color of his face changed. At this his heart missed a beat and he became pale. 三四个筛酒的酒保，都手忙脚乱，搬东搬西。 But these serving men were so busy, their hands and feet were all in confusion, and they were moving things hither and thither, east and west. (All Men Are Brothers) The four or five waiters were busy rushing from one to another serving food and drink. (Outlaws of the Marsh) 你不知道，金八这家伙背景复杂，不大讲面子。（曹禺《日出》） Don’t you realize that this fellow Jin has all kinds of dubious connections and that he’s no great respecter of persons? 第一章 词的选择 一、根据上下文正确理解原文的词义 （一）“情况”：这个词的基本意义与英语中的circumstances, situation, condition等词相近，但是究竟怎样翻译，还须根据上下文来决定 （1）在这种情况下 under these/such circumstances such being the case in accordance with this specific condition (2) 这种情况必须改变 This state of affairs must change. (3) 现在情况不同了。 Now things are different. (4) 他们的情况怎么样？ How do matters stand with them? (5) 前线有什么情况？ How is the situation at the front? (6) 前面有情况，做好战斗准备。 There’s enemy activity ahead. Prepare for combat. (7) 可是在其他地方，情况却完全两样了。 But the picture outside this place is quite another story. (8) 我们可能去那儿，那得看情况而定。 We may go there, but that depends. (…it all depends.) （二）“事”：汉语中“事”的基本意义与英语中matter, affair, thing, business等词相近。但是在不同的上下文中，此词会有不同的含义 (1) 遇事和大家商量。 Consult the masses when problems arise. （2）农民所做的事很多……农民在农民协会领导之下总共做了十四件大事，如下所记。 The peasants have done a great many things…the peasants under the leadership of the peasant associations have the following fourteen great achievements to their credit. （三）“水平”：汉语中“水平”这一词与英语 level相近。如“理论水平”译作theoretical level，但在不同的上下文中，它的含义不同，可采用不同的译法。 （1）他的英语水平比我高。 The level of his English is higher than that of mine. He knows more English than I. （2）各级领导干部必须提高领导水平。 Cadres at all levels should improve their art of leadership. 二、辨析词义和正确选词 （一）注意词的广义和狭义 （1）农业是国民经济的基础。 Agriculture is the foundation of the n