宾语从句讲解+练习+答案.docVIP

宾语从句 一、主句是一般现在时，从句可用任何时态 根椐主句中的谓语动词，决定从句动作发生主句前后关系，所用时态。 I think that she will finish reading that book in two days 我想她两天后看完那本书。 二、主句是过去时，从句必须用过去时形式 1．一般过去式 He told me that Jim returned his book to him last Sunday. 他告诉我吉姆上星期天把他的书还他了。 2． 过去进行时 She said she was writing to her friend at this time yesterday. 她说她昨天这时候正在给她的朋友写信。 3． 过去将来时 He asked when they would leave the next week.他问他们下个星期什么时候出发。 4． 过去完成时 She said she had known him since two years ago. 她说她自从两年前就认识他。 5．如从句是客观真理时，用一般现在时 She told us the earth moves around the sun.她告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。 The teacher said Japan is the east of China. 老师讲日本位于中国的东部。 1．陈述句，前用引导词that，但经常省略 I hear (that) he will help you with your French. 我听说他将帮忙你的法语。 Lily knew (that)Tom had gone to London by air.莉莉知道汤姆坐飞机去伦敦了。 2．从句是一般疑问时，前用if或whether He asked if she liked swimming. 他问她是否喜欢游泳。 He asked me whether Mike came to school by bike or on foot.他问我迈克骑自行车还是步行去学校。 注：在下列几种情况下，只能用whether,不能用if:●当or not紧随连词之后时。如：I dont know whether or not he will come on time. ●从句用作介词宾语时。如：I am interested in whether he joined the army. ●在带to的动词不定式前。如：She doesnt know whether to go to the cinema or to watch TV at home. ●当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。如：Whether this is true or not, Im not sure. 3．从句是特殊疑问句 A．特殊疑问词不是作主语，疑问词放在句首，其它部分按陈述句语序。Do you know what he did with that thing? B．如特殊疑问词作主语，语序不用动。Could you tell me who can look after her? 宾语从句的语序 无论宾语从句的主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句间是什么引导词，宾语从句一律用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”。如： Could you tell me? / Where does Wei Fang live? →Could you tell me where Wei Fang lives? ●当疑问代词who, what等在从句中作主语时，语序本来就是陈述语序，故语序不再变化。如： Who will give us a talk? Please tell us. →Please tell us who will give us a talk. 四、宾语从句的同义句转换。 　　在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换。 　　Can you tell me how I can get to the station？=Can you tell me how to get to the station？ 　　五、宾语从句变否定句。 　　如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。否则，变否定句看从句。 　　I think chicken can swim。 （变否定句）I don’t think chicken