英语翻译技巧之反译法〔negation〕.ppt

Attention!! Any, anybody, anyone, anything cannot be used as subjects in negative sentences. E.g. 任何人都干不了这件事。 Anybody cannot do it. × Nobody can do it. √ Any or Anybody, if post-modified, can precede the not in the sentences. E.g. Anybody who does that isn’t honest. 干那种事的人都不诚实。 (3). Double negation (双重否定) (a) with weakening effect E.g. 不能不表示遗憾 We cannot but regret… 难免有错误 There might be some errors… 未尝不可 It is not impossible… 并不否认 do not deny… He is not incapable. 他并非无能。 ( He is to some extent capable.) (b) with strengthening effect 双重否定常见句型： cannot…without…; no (never)…without…; nothing…without…; no…no…; without…no…; without…cannot…; without… nothing…; nothing…nothing… E.g. No investigation, no right to speak. 没有调查就没有发言权。 A negative + but (but作为含有否定意义的关系代词,连词或介词) E.g. There is no child but knows him. (关系代词) 没有一个小孩不认识他。 No man is so old but that he may learn. (连词) 没有一个人老得不能学习。 Not a minute passes but things change. 事物每时每刻都在变化。 He is nothing but a fool. (介词) 他不过是个傻子罢了。 ※ He is anything but a fool. (=never) 他绝不是傻瓜。 曲言法：用否定对立的词语强调肯定 E.g. To my no small astonishment, I found the house on fire. 我发现房子着火，大为吃惊。 (4). Incomplete negation (不完全否定) 不完全否定常见词： few, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom E.g. I need hardly say that he did well. 他干得不错，这几乎不用我说。 There are few, if any, such men. 这种人即使有，也很少。 Negative words + hardly/scarcely = incomplete negation (hardly/scarcely的意思不变) E.g. They don’t seem hardly able to help it. 他们对这件事情似乎不能有什么帮助。 ※ “Hardly…not”: double negation (双重否定) E.g. There was hardly a moment when she did not guess her husband’s wishes. 她几乎每时每刻都在猜测她丈夫的心意。 (5). Pleonastic Neg