文体学6-syntactic.pptVIP

Stylistic markers of syntax Objectives: To acquaint students with the stylistic knowledge on the syntax level Syntax Syntax refers to the rules for ordering and connecting words into sentences. It allows various possibilities to be exploited for effective linguistic communication. A systematic description of syntactic style should include Intersentence relationship Sentence type Clause type Phrase type Word classes Word order Basic structure of clause clause Subject verb (object) (complement) (adverbial) NP VP NP NP AdvP NCl NCl AdjP PrepP NCl AdvCl NP Clause type (1) SV SVO SVC SVOO SVOC Clause type (2) In terms of the structure of verb phrase : Finite clause Non-finite clause Verbless clause Finite clauses are clauses in which the verb is a finite form. Improve (improves, improved, has improved, may have been improved, etc.) Mrs. Marlow’s health has been improving since she quit smoking. Non-finite clause is a clause whose verb is non-finite form. -ing, -ed, to do Verbless clause are clauses which contain no verb element. They are regarded as clause because they function as finite or non-finite clause. 78 Passengers have been killed in the air crash, many of them holiday makers. Whether right or wrong, Michael always comes off worst in an argument. Clause type (3) In terms of function in a sentence, clauses can be classified into independent and dependent (subordinate) clauses. An independent clause is one that is not subordinate to another clause. His nervousness is obvious. Everyone could see that he was nervous. Subordinate clauses are those which constitute part of another clause and function as its clause elements, or part of a phrase within a clause. Classification of subo