名词性从句——香格里拉.pptVIP

名词性从句 概念：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。 功能：相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词 可分为三类：1.从属连词 that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分 2.连接代词： what(ever), who(ever),whom,whose, which. 不仅起到连接一个句子的作用，同时也是从句的一个组成部分。 3.连接副词：when, where, how, why 　  引导名词性从句的连接词 　 从属连词 连接代词 连接副词 that Who(ever) When whether Whom Where If（不用于表从） Whose How What(ever) why which 只起连接作用， 不担任成分 起连接作用，担任成分 起连接作用，担任成分 主语从句 在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。 e.g.: ① How the book will sell depends on its author. ② That he is the best student in the class is obvious. (that不可以省略） 主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首 因而我们常见到这种句式： It+be+n.词组/adj/-ed过去分词+从句（that, whether,etc.) 例：Its a pity that you should have to leave. It is great that I have a teacher like you. It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. whether与if均为“是否” 但下列情况下只用whether ： 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首 Whether he will come is not clear. 2. 引导表语从句 The question is whether he’ll come. 3. whether从句作介词宾语 e.g.: I’m not sure about whether we’ll win. 4. 从句后有or not  e.g.: Whether you like it or not, you ‘ll have to do it. 宾语从句：在另一个句子中做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。 主语+谓语+宾语从句（“（that）+陈述句”或者“疑问词+句子”） e.g.:I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. （介宾） e.g.:Now I want to know what I can do. （动宾） e.g.:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. （动宾） 宾语从句的否定转移 主语的谓语动词是 think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider, expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主语是第一 人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转 移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一 致。 e.g.:①I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? 宾语从句的否定转移 ②He didn’t think it would rain, did he? ③She told me that he would come here, didn’t she? 如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或者副词，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式： e.g.: We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he? 表语从句 在另外一个句子中作表语的句子叫表语从名。句型： the fact/chance/problem is that+句子 e.g.:The fact is that he has not been seen recently.　 表语从句 1、主语是reason用that引导； 2、主语是idea, advice, suggestion, order时，表语从句用虚