第一讲 五大基本句型.pptVIP

五大基本句型 Alice is a good student who is studying in the CUMT. 爱丽丝 是 一个在矿大读书的 好学生 1. 简单句 一套主谓结构 单词和短语构成句子的各种成分 Tom, do you take Mary for your lawful wife, to have and to hold, from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, until death do part you? I do. (主语+谓语) I love you. （主语+谓语+宾语） You make me happy. （主语+谓语+宾语+宾补） I will give you a kiss. （主语+谓语/系动词+双宾语） You are my angel. （主语+谓语/系动词+表语） 简单句的障碍来源： 定语， 同位语，插入语，状语： Eg. 1: Companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or list them a number of possible ones. 公司不必为消费者警示明显的威胁或者为他们列出大量可能的危险。 E.g 2: The court supported the medical principle holding that an action is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. 法庭支持这样的医学原则，这一原则认为：如果一个行为的行为人只是想获得一个好的结果的话，那么这个行为就是被允许的。 2. 定语： 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分。 1）前置定语 2）后置定语 1）前置定语 形容词作定语 a tall man 名词作定语 banana trees/ the robot system/ the computer room 数词作定语 three thousand people ing形式作定语 a swimming pool /the setting sun ed分词作定语 frozen food / fallen leaves 限定词作定语 many men/ a lot of birds 多个前置定语 the beautiful new world/ an obvious dark negative aspect 2) 后置定语 形容词短语 a book useful for the future 现在分词 a woman picking the blackberry/ a leaf floating in the wind (a principle holding that an action is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect) 过去分词短语 the meeting held last month/ a picture painted by Picasso/an approach developed for history research/the artist privileged to visit the gallery 动词不定式短语 a way to solve this problem 介词短语 an apple on the table/ the guide to the future 表语形容词 a cat alive 修饰不定代词 something important 后置定语~定语从句 a book useful for the future (a book which is useful for the future) a leaf floating in the wind (a leaf which is floating in the wind) the artist privileged to visit the gallery (the artist who is privileged to visit the gallery) 定语处理：前置或者拆分 E.g. the report devoid of facts an element in national life job criteria such as