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表面活性剂对铜矿石堆浸渗透性的影响-中南大学学报.PDF
第 45 卷第 3 期 中南大学学报(自然科学版) Vol.45 No.3
2014 年 3 月 Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology) Mar. 2014
表面活性剂对铜矿石堆浸渗透性的影响
吴爱祥,艾纯明,王贻明,胡凯建
(北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京,100083)
摘要:为解决高含泥矿石渗透性差和浸出率低的问题,根据固体表面物理化学和多孔介质中渗流力学对表面活性
剂强化渗流的机理进行分析,并在浸出液中加入阴离子表面活性剂进行柱浸试验。研究结果表明:表面活性剂主
要通过改变矿石润湿性、降低浸出液黏度、吸附在矿石表面和增强渗透作用 4 个方面改善矿堆渗透性能;添加表
面活性剂改善浸柱渗透性效果明显,在浸出后期渗透系数达到了对照组的 2倍;添加表面活性剂使矿石的浸出率
提高 8.4%。此外,添加表面活性剂使溶浸液的表面张力降低 50%。
关键词:表面活性剂;渗透性;堆浸;表面张力
中图分类号:TD862.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672−7207(2014)03−0895−07
Influence of surfactant onpermeability of
heapleaching of copperore
WU Aixiang, AI Chunming, WANG Yiming, HU Kaijian
(The Key Laboratory of HighEfficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education,
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)
Abstract: To improve heap permeability and leaching rate of high mudcontent ore, the mechanism of the surfactant
accelerated seepage based on both physical chemistry and mechanics of fluids in porous media was introduced. Four
steps of surfactant’s improving heap permeability were concluded as altering ore wettability, reducing leaching solution
viscosity, absorbing on ore surfaces and ultimately enhancing permeability. Obvious permeability improvement was
achieved in column leaching test with the addition of an anionic surfactant. In the later stage of leaching,the permeability
coefficient is 2 times that of the control group, meanwhile, the leaching rate is improved by 8.4%. In addition, the surface
tension of the solution
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