世界竞技体操优势转移过程的特征及其影响因素分析.pdfVIP

Jo urtUll 01 TUS VoJ.24 No.3 2仰囡蹲班1 E~~3~~~ï矗3告~.ii~1 2009 年第24 卷第3 期 {勤 ·成果报告 。啕inal Artic/回 世界竞技体操优势转移过程的特征及其影响因素分析 史友宽，曾庆涛，杨改生 摘要: t眈界觉技体操优势转移经历了欧洲国家交错统霸、日苏对抗、苏联领军多国:tf泼、从多阁争霸到中美抗衡等4 个阶段。表现出单项化 趋势越来越明显、优势集巾依然突出、曾经获得过竞争优势的国家容易重新崛起、优势因家的展现在性别上街差异等 4 个显性规律。研究表 明.竞技能)J 直接决定辛苦优势的获取:创新与训练是提高竞技能力并获取优势的唯叫路径:科研与资金是保证训练和实现创新的重要保障; 政策等向使科技与资金支持通畅便利，群众基础为科技与资金支持提供了广阔的发展空间;地}iR是党技体操仔在的最低限度，政治直接影 响着政策导向，经济通过政策导向间接支撑着竞技体操的发展，文化则直接影响着包括竞技体操在内的体育运动的发展方向。 关键诩t 觉技体操;优势转移;单项化趋势 中图分类号:G 832 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1∞5-0∞0(2ω9)03-0198-04 The Characteristics and Inf1uencing Factors of Advantage Transfer Process of Gymnastics in the World SHI Youkuan咱 ZI:NG Oinlrtao. YANG Gaishene: (School of Education 削dS阴阳 Science， Henan University , Kaifeng 475∞1 ， China) Abstract: Advanta兽般 transfer of world gymnastics h幽 undergone four sta哥es: European countries altematíng control ,Jap融n and the Sovíet confrontation ,the Soviet leader and many countries advance side by side, from many countries to China and the United States contend for hegemony. Advanlage transfer of world gymnastics has showed four laws: índividual trends show more and more obvious. advantagcs of centralized still prominent, and once won a competi- tíve edge coun町 easíly re-emergence and the coun町 show the advantages ín tem四 of gender differences. Competitive ability detennines the advantage of dírecl acce毗 innovation and tr创ning is the only path of improve the competitíve abílíty and obtain advanta吕，es; 而阳arch and funding 10 ensure that training and an important 伊即anlee for implementation of ínnovationj policy guidance ωmake 8cíence, t时hnology and financíal support 10 facilitate smooth, m嗣ses of basic provide a broad 叩8Ce for science, technology and financial suppo陀Geography is the minim