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免疫05Antibody
Chapter 5 Antibodies Definition Antibody(Ab): The glycoproteins produced by B cells which differentiate to plasma cells in the response to stimulation of antigen are called Abs, they can specifically combine with the corresponding antigen. I. Basic structure 1.An Ab has a symmetric core structure composed of two identical heavy chain and two identical light chain. According to the differences of heavy chains ( amino acid composition ,sequence), Igs can be divided into 5 classes:类 Five classes of H Chain: ?, ?, ?, ?, ? Five classes of Ig : IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE Subclass: According to differences of the amino acid composition and number or position of disulfide bonds in hinge region : IgG----IgG1,IgG2,IgG3,IgG4 IgA----IgA1,IgA2 Variable region (V): VH, VL Hypervariable region(HVR) Framework region (FR) Variable region ( V ) : VH: 1/4(γ、α、δ) or 1/5(μ 、ε)of heavy chain near amino terminus VL: 1/2 of light chain near amino terminus Complementarity-determining region (CDR): Constant region (C region) CH: 3/4 (γ、α、δ) or 4/5 (μ 、ε) of heavy chain near carboxy terminus CL: 1/2 of light chain near carboxy terminus hinge region between CH1 and CH2 (rich in proline ,easy flex ) Ab molecules are flexible,permitting them to bind to different arrays of antigens. This flexibility is conferred in large part by hinge region. Secretary pieces(SP) Domains of Ig L chain: VL, CL H chain(4~5 ): VH, CH1, CH2, CH3/CH4( IgM,IgE) Function of each domain V region(VH , VL): antigen-binding site C region: *CH2: complement-fixing site placenta-crossing site *CH3/CH4: cell-binding site, FcR III. Hydrolysis fragments of Ig and their functions 1) Digested with papain 2) Digested with pepsin Part II Immunogenicity of Ig Part III. Biological Activities of Ab 1.Biological activities of V region: bind specifically to antigen (neutralization) 2. Activate comp
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