西医综合辅导班外科学详细笔记1(国外英文资料).docVIP

西医综合辅导班外科学详细笔记1(国外英文资料) surgery YanZhongYu Chapter1 asepsis Sterilization (physics) - kills all living organisms Disinfectant (chemical) - antimicrobial sterilization of pathogenic microorganisms and harmful microorganisms You dont want to kill all the microbes Operating rules Sterilization (surgical instrument/article) High pressure steam Boiling method Burning method Drug soaking method Formaldehyde vapors Brush 10 cm on hand, arm The surgical area is disinfected, the incision is 15cm around the incision, outside of the cleaning center, the infection is outside. Chapter2 hydropower balance 1, humoral - water + solute (electrolyte and non-electrolyte) Fluid balance - the composition of the mass distribution is relatively constant (dynamic balance) Volume of fluids: adult men account for 60 per cent of body weight, 50 per cent of women and 80 per cent of children. Fluid: C fluid (40%) C external fluid (20%) - 5% of plasma, interstitial fluid (15% (functional C external fluid, non-functional C) Cationic milligram equivalent/liter anionic milligram equivalent per liter Na plus 142, Cl minus 103 K + 5 H2g - 27 Ca + 5 HPO4g2-2 Mg + 2 SO42-1 Adjustment of the balance of fluids () (1) balance of water: kidney regulation The balance of the electrolyte is regulated The normal value of sodium is 142-145mmo1 / L Intake (ml) discharge (ml) Drinking water 1000 ~ 1500 urine 1000 ~ 1500 The food contained 700 faeces 150 The food oxidized water 300 skin evaporation 500 Respiratory 350 Total: 2000 ~ 2500 total: 2000 ~ 2500 The amount of potassium (1) 98% in the cell (2) is small but important 3.5 ~ 5.5 mmo1 / L (3) the kidney has very low regulation of K + Cl -, HCO3 - (1) (2) [HCO3] is the equilibrium of acid and alkali for the alkali Three, water, electrical metabolism dissonance (1) dehydration () High permeability dehydration (primary dehydration) (1) the lack of water, , sodium and sodium, and external fluid are hyperosmotic (2) the cause of the disease is a large amount of sw