常用戏剧术语.pdfVIP

常用戏剧术语 1. Drama –The form of composition designed for performance in the theater, in which act0rs take the roles of the characters, perform the indicated action, and utter the written dialogue. The common alternative name for a dramatic composition is a play. A person who writes a play is a dramatist/playwright 剧作家 The first dramas to be written for the express purpose of being performed were created by the Greeks. Many modern drama terms derive from Greek origins. (1) Forms of drama: Poetic drama - written in verse 诗剧 Closet drama - plays initially meant to be performed or recited at small gatherings or read in private. Example: Shelley’s Prometheus Unbound ( 1820 ) 文房剧 Screenplay 电影剧本, for movies, have more complex and strict rules for formatting. (2) Types of drama: Comedy – In the Greek sense, a play that doesn’t end in death. In modern usage, refers to a play that is humorous. 喜剧 Tragedy – In the Greek sense, a play that ends with the death of at least one of the main characters. In modern usage, refers to a play that doesn’t have a happy ending. 悲剧 Tragicomedy - the term used to describe a drama that incorporates both tragic and comedic elements. This hybrid form was popularized in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Plays written in this mode often featured tragic conflicts that resolve happily through unexpected--sometimes improbable--plot twists. Example: Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice 悲喜剧 2. Script – the written text of a play. Usually includes a list of characters that appear in the play with a brief description of what the character is like (Dramatis Personae 剧中人物表), brief descriptions of the sets or setting 背景/布景, and the lines 台词 the characters will speak. 剧本 Act – A major section of a play, similar to a chapter in a book; an act is usually made up of several scenes.