三缸机平衡性分析与力学计算.pdf

Auto Engineer 2010(6) FOCUS 技术聚焦 技术看点 三缸机平衡性分析与力学计算 高进 （天津一汽夏利汽车股份有限公司内燃机制造分公司） 摘要：三缸汽油机的结构特点使其惯性力和力矩相对四缸机更需要特别关注，否则，惯性力导致的振动将极大影响 整机的平稳性和舒适性。文章通过对三缸汽油机的运动学— 动力学和平衡进行分析和计算，表明采用单平衡轴与曲 轴过量平衡法，使其旋转惯性力和一阶往复惯性力得到最大程度的平衡，减少了振动，提高了可靠性与舒适度； 同时通过当量质量的计算为曲轴的动平衡加工提供基础数据。 关键词：汽油机；平衡；惯性力；当量质量 Analysis on Three-cylinder Engine Balance and Dynamic Calculation Abstract: Compared with the four cylinder gasoline engine and because of the structural characteristics of three cylinder gasoline engine, more attention should be given to the inertial force and moment of force, otherwise inertial force will negatively affect the stability and conformability of engine. By analyzing and calculating the kinematics, dynamic and its balance of the three-cylinder gasoline engine, this paper indicates that the rotatory inertia and the first order reciprocating inertia force can be balanced to the maximum by adopting single balancing shaft and balance method of crankshaft excess, which will reduce vibration and enhance the reliability and comfortability. At the same time, the calculation of equivalent weight provides us the basic data for dynamic balancing processing of crankshaft. Key words: Gasoline engine; Balance; Inertia force; Equivalent weight 随着经济型轿车成为中国乘用车市场的主力军， 惯性力与力矩可通过配重来消除，往复惯性力矩则需 小排量汽车的应用越来越广泛，同时对它的性能要求 采用平衡轴来平衡。 也越来越高。三缸汽油机作为其中的一款小型机，具 某型号三缸机的发动机运动件参数： m m 有升功率高和结果紧凑等优势，但先天具有的平衡性 1） （连杆小头质量）： = 10 1 g ； 1