胶囊式机器人.pdfVIP

Urol Clin N Am 31 (2004) 781–792 Role of robotics in laparoscopic urologic surgery Louis Eichel, MD, Thomas E. Ahlering, MD, Ralph V. Clayman, MD* Department of Urology, University of California Irvine, 101 The City Drive South, Building 55, Room 304, Orange, CA 92868, USA The field of robot-assisted surgery is in its the actual movements of a human hand and wrist. infancy and indications for its use in urologic The combination of improved visualization and surgery are expanding. There is a rich tradition in enhanced dexterity shortens the learning curve for urology of using advanced technology to make more complex procedures. Other systems of recent procedures easier, more exact, and more tolerable. and historic significance use stereotactic guidance Just as Bozzini used an aluminum tube fitted with systems to perform percutaneous needle access to mirrors and illuminated by a wax candle to the renal collecting system or transurethral re- visualize the urethra in 1806, urologists today section of the prostate. constantly seek new and better ways to practice It is unclear if the greater precision and their craft. The integration of modern computers, improved visualization provided by these systems digital-imaging equipment, and robotic technology will translate into superior surgical results. Be- offers urologists new opportunities to improve their cause the field is in its infancy, long-term follow- surgical technique and challenge their abilities. up for robot-assisted procedures is not available Great strides have been made in t