Foucault 福柯.ppt

Michel Foucault Life Born on 15th, October, 1926, in Poitiers. Admitted into Ecole Normale Superioure in 1945. Teacher of psychology in University Lille from 1953-1954. Cultural delegate from 1954-1960. Attained doctorate in 1961 (“Madness and Insanity: History of Madness in the Classical Age”). Professor in University of Clermont-Ferrand from 1960-1966. Teaching in University of Tunis from 1966-1968. Elected into the College de France, as Professor of the History of Systems of Thought in 1970. Died of AIDS on 25th, June, 1984. Works Madness and Civilization (1961) The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception (1963) The Order of Things (1966) The Archaeology of Knowledge (1969) Discipline and Punish (1975) The History of Sexuality (1984) Key Words Archaeology Genealogy Episteme Discourse Knowledge Power Panopticism/Panopticon Discipline Archaeology The process of working through the historical archives of various societies to bring to light the discursive formation and events that have produced the fields of knowledge and discursive formation of different historical periods. Genealogy A process of analyzing and uncovering the historical relationship between truth, knowledge and power. According to Foucault, who has been greatly influenced by Nietzsche, knowledge and truth are produced by struggles both between and within institutions, fields and disciplines and then presented as if they are eternal and universal. Episteme “This book first arose out of a passage in Borges……This passage quotes a ‘certain Chinese encyclopaedia’ in which it is written that ‘animals are divided into: (a) belonging to the Emperor, (b) embalmed, (c) tame, (d) sucking pigs……(g) stray dogs, (h) included in the present classification……(m) having just broken the water pitcher, (n) that from a long way off look like flies’. In the wonderment of this taxonomy, the thing that……is demonstrated as the exotic charm of another system of thought, is the limitation of our own,