Subject-verb+Agreement课件.pptVIP

主谓一致 主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。一般情况下，主谓一致主要遵循以下三个原则： 语法一致原则 (grammatical concord)  意义一致原则 (notional concord)  就近一致原则 (principle of proximity) （一）语法一致原则  简单地说，如果单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式；复数名词做主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如： 　 This book is mine. They are students. （二）意义一致原则 　 有时，主谓一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如： 　The United States is a developed country. 　This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars. （三）就近一致原则 　 有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的主语形式。例如： 　There is a book and two pens on the desk.　Neither he nor I am going.  1.另外，，两个名词虽然由and连接，但表示单一概念，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 如:bread and butter(黄油面包)， fish and chips （鱼炸土片）, coffee and milk(加牛奶的咖啡)， salt and water(盐水), a knife and fork (一副刀叉), a coat and skirt（一套上装和裙子）, a watch and chain（带链的挂表）,a desk and chair(一套桌椅） a needle and thread （穿了线针）  6、the rest of, plenty of, all of, half of, some of , a part of, enough of, none of, most of, a lot of, lots of, abundance of, a world of, a flood of, scores of, 百分数或分数加 of+名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词，但population例外。 1.One third of the students are girls.2. Seventy percent of the surface of the earth is sea.3. Most of his spare time was spent in reading. Most of the houses in this town are new.4.Plenty of snow has melted. Plenty of apples are needed here.5. Two thirds of the milk is sour. Two thirds of the trees are newly planted. 7.从句中的主谓一致 1.定语从句●关系代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主句中的先行词来决定。 试比较： 1).She saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. 2). Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter. 2.在倒装句中，谓语动词采用就近一致原则。 1).In the room was found a hat, a few suits of clothes ,some shoes and socks. 2).Does neither he nor you go to Beijing. Exercises 1.Nobody but John and Tom ___still in the lab as I passed by last night. A .had been B .were C. are D was 2.This is one of the rooms that ___damaged in the fire.