Entomology20074昆虫的胸部Thorax.pptxVIP

昆虫形态学 Insect morphology;Review;Review;Review;Review;昆虫形态学 Insect morphology;2.6 Cervix (Neck) 昆虫的颈;Muscle of Cervix;Chapter 3 Thorax of Insects第三章 昆虫的胸部;Why Study the Insect Thorax?;3.1 Structure of Thorax 胸部的基本构造;Thorax is the center of locomotion Highly sclerotized; fore legs - mid legs - hind legs In most winged insects mesothorax and metathorax enlarged relative to prothorax formed a pterothorax 翅胸 (forewings + hind wings);I. Prothorax 前胸 without wings structure usually simple 1）pronotum 前胸背板 may be simple in structure and small in comparison with other nota some insects with secondary sulcus on pronotum without antecosta 前内脊（前脊沟内陷）;--- But in some insects the pronotum are highly modified. Locusts, mole crickets of Orthoptera 直翅目 Treehoppers of Hemiptera 半翅目 Rhinoceros beetles of Coleoptera 鞘翅目;Treehoppers;生气呢？眼dou红了, , ,;我很丑 吗;浆头叶蝉;2) propleuron 前胸侧板 In primal insect or insect with undeveloped prothorax the propleuron is also undeveloped usually divided into episternum 前侧片 and epimeron 后侧片 by pleural sulcus 侧沟 pleural articulation 侧基突 the process at the bottom of the pleural sulcus 侧沟下端与胸足相抵的关节突 articulates with the basal segment of foreleg;Propleuron 前胸侧板 In primal insect or insect with undeveloped prothorax the propleuron is also undeveloped, e.g., that of a locust;3) prosternum 前胸腹板 Usually undeveloped, and sometimes with some special structures e.g., jumping organ of click beetles 叩头虫的关键;II. Pterothorax 翅胸 Two phases associated with the development of the thorax as the locomotary center in the evolution of the typical insectan body plan walking legs became restricted to the three thoracic segments articulated wings were formed on the meso- and metathoracic terga Then secondary changes happened to strengthen the region for increased muscular power;1) Tergum of pterothorax 具翅胸节背板 Three sulci antecostal sulcus 前脊沟 -内陷为前内脊（多扩大为悬骨 phragma） prescutal sulcus 前盾沟 scutoscutellar sulcus 盾间沟 ;Tergum of pterothorax Is divided into Acrotergite