6：雅思阅读标题题上.pptVIP

第六讲：雅思阅读 标题题（Heading） 王莹 一、 题型要求 文章由若干段话组成，要求给每段话找个小标题。小标题即指该段话的段落大意，中心思想，主旨。 题目形式通常是文章中的一段话标出小标题作为例子，要求选余下段落的小标题。给出小标题通常是原文的第一段。 二、特点： 位于文章前 特别耗时间 开头容易错 错就错两个 三、掌握段落主旨的两种方法 常用法：分析段落结构，找主题句 a)总分结构 b)分总结构 c)分总分结构 d)对比结构 e)并列结构 简易法：重复出现时主旨 a)原词重复 b)同类词重复 c)指代重复 总分结构（剑3 Test 2）： All these activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertilisers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America. 分析图 总分总结构:剑三TIP3Q31 Ⅰ?? The Crick and Watson approach to research 　　Ⅱ?? Antidotes to bacterial infection 　　Ⅲ?? The testing of hypotheses 　　Ⅳ?? Explaining the inductive method 　　Ⅴ?? Anticipating results before data is collected 　　Ⅵ?? How research is done and how it is reported 　　Ⅶ?? The role of hypotheses in scientific research 　　Ⅷ?? Deducing the consequences of hypotheses 　　Ⅸ?? Karl Poppers claim that the scientific method is hypothetico-deductive 　　Ⅹ?? The unbiased researcher Hypotheses arise by guesswork, or by inspiration, but having been formulated they can and must be tested rigorously, using the appropriate methodology. If the predictions you make as a result of deducing certain consequ