科技英语中被动句的译法.doc

　科技英语中使用大量的被动语态 Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。 而很少说：You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine .你们必须注意机器的工作温度。 (1) ?It has been?calculated that only 1/10, 000 part of?the energy radiated annually form the sun is taken up by plants. 据计算,太阳每年辐射(到地球上)的能量只有0.01%被植物吸收。(植物) (?2) ?It was found that one of the culture dishes in which colonies of the bacteria (细菌群体) were growing had been contaminated by a colony of another organism, a mould of penicillin. 结果发现在一个培养液中正在生长的细菌菌落受到另一种菌落的感染,这种菌落就是青霉菌。青霉菌菌落感染了一个正在培养液中生长的细菌菌落。(微生物) (3) ?The surface of a metal is attacked by various gases?in the atmosphere. ?金属的表面受到大气中各种气体的侵蚀。 (自然现象) (4) ?Each of the body systems is regulated in some way by some part of the endocrine system(内分泌系统). 　人体的每个系统都在某一方面由内分泌的某一腺体进行调节。(生理现象) (?5?) ?Large quantities of fuel are required by modern industry. 现代工业需要大量的燃料。 (6) Nationalized in 1951 by a Labor government, the?British ?steel? industry?? ?was?? denationalized??? ?by?? the Conservatives in? ?1953,?? ?then? renationalized by ?Labor ?in 1967. 1953年,工党政府把英国钢铁工业收为国有。1953年,保守党政府把它退归私营。然后1967年,工党政府又把它国有化。 (?7 ) ?The mechanical energy can ?be changed back ?into?electrical energy by a generator. (人们)用发电机,可以将机械能再转变成电能。 　　 ( 8 ) ?A?vapour?is distinguished?from?a ?gas?by?the property?that it can ?be ?liquified merely by compressing it, while ?a ?gas cannot ?be liquified without ?cooling ?it ?below ?a certain critical temperature. 蒸气有别于气体是因为性质不同, 即蒸气仅通过压缩就能液化,而气体则必须冷到一定的临界温度一下才能液化。 (9) ?The existence of?organic chemistry?is further justified by the importance of carbon compounds or mixtures in our lives. 有机化学的存在之所以必要,还因为碳的化合物和混合物在我们日常生活中非常重要。 (10) ?The filament is heated by the?application of a voltage. 灯丝因通上电流而发热。 (?11) Condensation is caused by the passage of a particle?through the vapour. ?只有微粒通过时,水蒸气才会凝结。 (12) A common desert phenomenon is the mirage, an optical illusion caused when lights waves are bent or refracted by layer