三级语法总结.ppt

三级考试语法综合要点 contents 倒装句 主谓一致 现在分词和过去分词 动名词 情态动词的特殊用法 定语从句 同位语从句 现在完成时★★★☆☆ structure:have/has+v.p.p. 时间状语：ago,yesterday,last month,since,so far,up to now, until now,for/in/over/during the past few years. He had hardly finished his speech when the audience started cheering. 他的演讲一结束观众们就开始振奋起来。 =Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering.(常考于倒装用法） 将来完成时★★★★☆ structure:shall/will have+v.p.p by/by the time/by the end of/before/until+将来时间 The students will have finished their papers by the end of this month. 直到这个月底，学生们将完成他们的论文。 现在完成时★★★☆☆ structure:have/has+v.p.p. 时间状语：ago,yesterday,last month,since,so far,up to now, until now,for/in/over/during the past few years. I have seen the film several years ago. 现在完成进行时★★☆☆☆ 谈论动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在, 并且有可能持续下去 have / has been + doing sth + since/for +过去的时间点She played table tennis for 19 years.(动作不能延续只能用现在完成时结构）I’ve been skating for five hours.（动作可以延续下去可用现在完成进行时结构） 虚拟语气的用法 ★★★★★ 1. If – clause非真实条件句★★★★★ Practices: 1. If I ______ (know) her address, I would write to her. 2. What would you have done if you __________(miss) the train? 3. If he ___________ (not be ill ), he would have done something. 4. If it ________________________(snow) tomorrow, we ____________(get up) early. 5. If you should succeed, everything all right. 6.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he _____________ (make) greater progress. 2.时间错综复杂句★☆☆☆☆ 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语 动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件 句。 3.暗含条件句★★★★☆ but for, but, ?but?that…, （要不是）, without（如果没有）, otherwise（要不然）, or（要不然） , (in?case?of,??supposing,?under?more? favorable?condition)相对少几乎没有,?etc. e.g.1. He would not get such a result without your help. 2. But for you, I could not be recovered so soon. 4.主语从句★★★★☆ Structure: It is + 形容词/名词/动词的-ed形式 + that ...其谓语动词常用 “should + 动词原形”（美国英语常省略should，只用动词原形）。 形容词: necessary,?important,?impossible,?strange,?natural ?essential, surprising, astonishing, etc. 过去分词: