某机床计算模态分析及其实验验证.pdf

第 2 期 组合机床与自动化加工技术 No. 2 2017 年2 月 Modular Machine Tool Automatic Manufacturing Technique Feb. 2017 文章编号 ： 1001 -22 6 5 (2 0 1 7 )0 2 -003 4 -0 3 D01 ：10.13462/j. cnki. mmtamt. 2017. 02. 009 某机床计算模态分析及其实验验证$ 李 长 玉 ，李细霞 (华南理工大学广州学院汽车与交通工程学院，广 州 510800) 摘要：为了优化机床的动态性能，进一步提高机床的加工精度和加工效率，分别利用计算模态分析方 法和实验模态分析的方法对一数控机床的动态特性进行了研究。得到了该机床的前三阶模态的固 有频率，阻尼比和振型。通过对计算和实验结果的对比分析发现前三阶固有频率误差分别为8. 7 % ， 9. 8 % 和 8.1 % ，阻尼比误差分别为1 8 % ，9. 3 % 和 1 7 % ，模态振型基本一致。发现在低阶时计算模态 分析准确度较高，该机床的薄弱环节为其立柱。提出的方法和得到的结论可应用于机床动态特性的 设计与研究中。 关键词：机床;模态分析；固有频率;振型 中图分类号:TH 113.1;TG659 文献标识码 :A Calculating Modal Analysis of a Machine Tool and it^s Experimental Verification LI Chang -yu , LI Xi-xia ( School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering , Guangzhou College of South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510800, China ) Abstract ：In order to optimize the machine tools dynamic characteristics , farther improve machining preci ­ sion and machining efficiency , Calculating modal analysis method and experimental modal analysis method are used to study the dynamic characteristics of a machine tool . The natural frequencies , damping ratios and modal shapes of the first three modal of the machine tool are obtained . The comparison between the calculat ­ ing modal analysis and experimental modal analysis shows that the first three order natural frequency errors are 8.7% , 9. 8% and 8. 1% , respectively , and the damping ratios are 18% , 9. 3% and 17% , respectively , and the modal shapes are basically the same . It is found that the accuracy of calculating modal analysis is very high at first three modal , the weak link of the machine tool is the pillar . The proposed method and the