《生物信息学》 课程(2012年春)Chapter 1.pptVIP

Growth of GenBank * Genome Size * Huge Amount of Biological Data * DNA/RNA Sequence Data (GeneBank) (human genome project) Protein Sequence Data (SwissProt and PIR) Gene Expression Data (Gene expression omnibus) Protein Structure Data (Protein Data Bank) Protein Function (Gene Ontology) And many more…. What can we do with these hugeamount of data? * What can we do with these hugeamount of data? * Store (databases) Search Analyze / Annotate (visualization, interpretation, classification, pattern recognition) Generate new biological knowledge and build biological models (prediction) Main topics in bioinformatics * Sequence alignment Phylogenetic prediction Sequence analysis Gene expression data analysis Functional genomics Protein structure prediction Drug design Where Can I Learn More? NCBI: / EBI : http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ Journals …… Genome research, bioinformatics, nucleic acid research, BMC bioinformatics, genomics, etc. Summary * You should get a primary impression on: What is Bioinformatics? Aims of Bioinformatics Why use bioinformatics? Why Bioinformatics becomes Hot Field? Main topics in bioinformatics. Experimental data: DNA sequencing---DNA sequences (从真核生物基因组序列中识别起始密码子，剪切位点，内含子，外显子和终止密码子等), 编码蛋白质的基因被翻译成蛋白质序列protein sequences，预测蛋白质的结构，研究其功能 多序列比对—进化信息的重要来源—保守性 DNA microarrays—differential gene expression data—了解基因表达调控及基因功能 二维凝胶电泳及质谱联用手段—蛋白质差异表达及检测—蛋白质表达与疾病的关系—确定明确的与疾病相关的调控通路和蛋白质靶标 生物大分子结构解析--X-ray 晶体结构和NMR解析的晶体结构—有利于预测未知结构序列的结构；在分子水平预测药物与大分子的相互作用机理 酵母双杂交方法、基于质谱技术的高分子复合物的成分分析--蛋白质相互作用—帮助理解基因和蛋白质在其所处网络或通路环境下的功能。 主要包含两方面的内容。 Hypothesis: 序列—序列比对—domain family—推测其功能（假设）--实验 * * * * Bacteriophage噬菌体 Escherichia coli埃希氏菌属大肠杆菌 Sacchoromyces cerevisae酿酒酵母 * Bacteriophage噬菌体 Escherichia coli埃希氏菌属大肠杆菌 Sacchoromyces cerevisae酿酒酵母 * “David Mount. Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis, First edition” and “Jonathan Pevsner. Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics中译本, 2006”can be downloaded from 网络教学综合平台. * Chapter 4 contains