第十章 句子成分.pptVIP

第十章句子成分 主语、宾语 主语和宾语可以由名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、从句、或名词化的其它词充当。如： 1）名词： An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market. The sports committee meet to consider proposals from various groups. 2) 代词： She had a lot of friends and they gave her a lot of help. We elected him as our monitor. 3) 数词： Thousands of people were killed in the earthquake on May 12th, 2008. How many workers do you need? I need four. 4) 动名词： Having good old friends is a good thing, but making new ones can be even better. People appreciate working with him because he has a good sense of humor. 5) 不定式： It is hard to listen properly and do anything else at the same time. The children expect to go to college after graduating from high school. 6) 从句： Sometimes what you think about is very hard to describe with words. My friend told me that it was always raining in London. 7）名词化的其它词： The unemployed usually live a hard life. “Confess” has two “s”. 2 表语 如果对主语进行定义、归类，作表语的词可以是名词或相当于名词的词或词组，如：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等；如果用来描述主语的特征、状态、位置等，用形容词、分词、介词短语、副词等充当。如： 定义、归类的 1）名词： The man is an astronaut. This remains a controversial problem. 2) 代词： He will be himself soon. That’s it! 3) 数词： He is the first to come, the last to go. The number of the students is one thousand and five hundred. 4) 不定式： The first thing is to investigate the case. What he needs to do is keep calm. 5) 动名词： His job is designing cars. The first thing in the morning is brushing teeth. 6) 从句： The essential point is that you should try to broaden your horizons. A hinge joint is what permits forward and backward movement of a door. 描述特征、状态、位置等的 1）形容词： The food has gone bad. The painting looks beautiful. 2) 分词： His speech sounds encouraging. She seems lacking confidence. His affair became known. We should not rest satisfied with what we have achieved. 3) 介词短语： They are in a hurry. The students are on vacation. 4）副词： Tom is in. The ship was off. 3 宾语补助语 由名词、形容词、不定式、分词充当。如： 1）名词： They made the woman a vice