汉英翻译--正说与反说.pptxVIP

汉英翻译--正说与反说;人们在叙述同一事物或表达同一思想时，可以正说，也可以 反说。汉语如此，英语也如此。在翻译时，对原文某个词语或句 子，在译文中既可采用正说，也可采用反说。例如： (1) 他是外乡人。（正说；译文可正说，也可反说〉 He is a stranger here. He is not a native. (2) 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，不怀好心。(反说；译文可反说， 也可正说） The weasel goes to pay respects to the hen not with the best of intentions. The weasel pays a courtesy visit to the hen with evil intent. (3) 到目前为止，联合国辜负了世界人民所寄予的希望。 The United Nations has not, so far, justified the hopes which the people of the world place in it.;(4) 我们决不辜负全国人民对我们的希望。(反说；译文可正说） We will live up to the expectations of our people. (5) 他的解释不能让人满意。(反说；译文可正说） His explanation is far from satisfactory. (6) 他虽然贫穷，但无论如何也不会说谎。(反说；译文 可正说〉 Poor as he was, he was above telling a lie in any case. 汉译英中，正说与反说互相转换的现象很多，转换的原因主要有下列三种 ;一、汉英两种语言的习惯用法不同 (1) 油漆未干 Wet paint 这是一句招贴用语。搭配“油漆”一词，汉语习惯用“未干”，而英语却习惯用wet搭配paint。用意相同，表达各异。 (2) 在他还没来得及阻拦我之前，我已经跑出教室。 Before he could stop me, I had rushed out of the classroom. (3) 在收据尚未签字以前不得付款。 Before the receipt has been signed, the money must not be paid. 按照汉语的习惯可以说“在……没有……以前”，但是这种 说法在英语中不合乎习惯，上面两句如果分别译成Before he could not stop me，和Before the receipt has not been signed 就使人无法理解了。 ;(4)俗话说，‘男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处’嘛。 (周克芹《许茂和他的女儿们》) As the saying goes, “Men only weep when deeply hurt.” 此句也可按反说译出为：As the saying goes, “Men never weep unless and until deeply hurt. ” (5) 如果没有他的帮助,我早就失败了。 But for his help, I should have failed. (6) 白茫茫的老鸦窝，除了呼呼的北风外，没有一点声响。 (金敬迈《欧阳海之歌》) Except for the howl of the north wind, all was still in snow-mantled Ravens Nest. ;二、为了加强语气以便获得较好的修辞效果 （1）解放区的巩固工作仍应注意。(《毛泽东选集〉》三卷， 1066 页） Meanwhile, the consolidation of the Liberated Areas must not be neglected. （2）这个惨痛的历史教训，我们全党同志一定要永远记取，引以为鉴。（胡耀邦同志在庆祝党成立六十周年纪念大会上的报告) No comrade in the Party must ever forget this bitter lesson and we must all take warning from it. （3）我们讨论问题时，不能忘记这些基本观点。 These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion. (4)党的十二大充分表明我们党兴旺发达，后继有人。 The 12th Party congress fully demonstrates that our Party is flourishing and has no lack of