植物学术语从英语到中文及再翻译到其他语言时存在一些问题及思考.docVIP

植物学术语从英语到中文及再翻译到其他语言时存在一些问题及思考 　　摘要：?g语翻译一直是翻译界最具挑战之一的工作。动植物的中文学名多数是从拉丁语转写和翻译而来，多数是基于汉语语境和中文的词汇特征而重新被命名和翻译的。这些术语在源语拉丁文里是根据植物的科学习性特征和栖息地、科和属而命名。中文里也有划分科和属，中文翻译是根据中文文化和习惯加上修辞，符合中文阅读者习惯。但是这些术语再从中文或英语翻译到其他语言是需要过滤和分析译入语和源语言的语法构词特征。由于没有注意到不同语言的特征，也可能归结于翻译者的英语水平有限，翻译错误也是屡见不鲜。这也是术语为主多语翻译者需要注意的因素 关键词：术语翻译；功能翻译理论；多语翻译；植物学 General methods used in translating ecology terminologies： Terminologies are unlike common vocabularies used in literature， they are words with special meanings in certain subject such as ecology， biology and chemistry. Therefore， when translate terminologies， its significant to translate the core meaning rather than the transition of style or emotions that are emphasized in literature translation. Functionalist approaches include Hans J. Vermeer’s Skpostheorie， intentional interaction that focuses on purposeful translation between source-text and target language. Therefore， these methods were used in translation of technology or science text. Original names of plant species were mostly in English， formed up in Latin language， their lexical formation is based on the plants function， size， colors and division of family and category. For instance， plant Canna （an indigenous American plant） is translate into Chinese as “美人蕉”， “蕉” carries the core meaning of the plant as Canna belongs to banana family，yet “美人”is added in accordance with its shape to make the translation more lively. This method is due to rhetoric characteristics of Chinese language. Therefore， in Chinese language， the receivers could understand the meaning that Canna is a banana type plant with beautiful shape. It has functionally translated that Canna is a plant belongs to the banana family. However， in the original word Canna， there is no such suffix as “ 美人”. Which would destruct to translate the word into another language of different grammatical principles. In the functionalist theory， Vermeer emphasizes that role of the translator is crucial in the translation process. The