论我国立法协商现状及其制度构建.pdfVIP

中文摘要 立法协商在我国是近年来随着人民政协参与立法而逐渐产生和流行的一个概念。立 法协商的学术研究是随着西方协商民主理论的引进以及对人民政协参与立法的观察而 逐渐开展的，尤其是随着十八届三中全会提出构建协商民主体系，深入开展立法协商后， 立法协商理论研究和实践探索蓬勃发展。 立法协商是协商民主理论在立法领域的具体实践，在我国特定的制度下又是我国政 治协商的内容，是人民政协的职能之一。目前，我国尽管还没有立法协商的法律制度， 但是不少地方初步建立起了各自的立法协商制度，并频繁的开展各种形式的立法协商活 动。然而现有的立法协商制度和实践，存在着主体参与有限，协商主体地位不平等，程 序不健全和协商结果缺乏实效性的缺陷。分析我国立法协商现状和问题原因，比较和借 鉴美国协商行政立法制度，明确立法的目的、性质和原则，从协商主体、协商程序、协 商结果实效性方面对我国立法协商制度进行构建，并明确法律责任。主体方面，适当吸 收公众参与、社会专家参与、社会中间组织参与，从而增强立法协商主体的民主性、平 等性、专业性；程序方面，借鉴美国协商行政立法制度的召集人制度和协商委员会制度， 从而实现程序制度化；协商结果方面，增加对立法立项的协商，增强协商的辩论性，将 协商结果草案化，从而保障立法协商的实效性。 关键词：立法；立法协商；制度构建；协商民主。 I 万方数据 Abstract Deliberative legislation was brought about andbecome apopular concept in our country in recent years with the legislative activities in which CPPCC participate. Academic research about Deliberative legislation was carried out gradually with the introduction of the DeliberativeDemocracyTheoryandobservationoftheCPPCC’slegislativeactivities. Deliberativelegislationisspecificpracticeofthetheoryofdeliberativedemocracyinthearea oflegislation,inparticularinourcountryisthecontentofpoliticalconsultation,isthecontent ofthe function ofthe CPPCC.At present, althoughthere isno Deliberative legislation legal systemin StateLaw,but many local Councils or Government initially establishedtheir own Deliberative legislation system, and carried out various forms of Deliberative legislation frequently. However, there are defects in the existing Deliberative legislation system and practice, such as limited Subject participation, inequality of participation, the program is imperfect and defective of effectiveness of the results of deliberation. we should clear the purpose,nature andprinciples ofdeliberativelegislativeandbuild ourcountr