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Combating academic fraud论文抄袭之战.ppt

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Combating academic fraud论文抄袭之战

3. Combating Academic Fraud Guidelines: Ubiquity(普遍性)of academic fraud Variety of academic fraud Causes and consequences Strategies to combat it It is commonly known that Examination has an evil twin called Cheat. Exam cheats and academic fraud are nothing new to education. What is new, perhaps, is the ways in which these misconducts permeate education and academic circle and how they have flourished with the invention of new technologies and changes in consumer culture. The prevailing exam cheats and academic fraud appears to be on the increase across the world. It is an epidemic virus influencing all aspects of education world and the whole society as well. It is a costly threat to societies, to the public trust in the reliability and security of educational institutions and personal integrity. (2)The prevailing variety of academic fraud Fraud in academic life can take many forms. It occurs in schools at different levels just as in various sectors of the broader society beyond the academic world. The perpetrators(犯罪者) include students, teachers, educational administrators, and other professionals. Examination cheating (high stakes examinations): Students cheating on tests is the most familiar type of misconduct in education. Students smuggle unauthorized material into the exam room. Candidates hide notes in their socks or pockets, or write them on arms. Now, however, technology makes it possible to import information in small electronic devices and even to transmit exam questions and answers within seconds to candidates in an exam room as well as to other locations within and even outside the country. In addition to theft and sale of exam papers, offences include bribery of invigilators(监考者) and examiners, impersonation (gunners), forgery and falsification(篡改)of the results. Leakage Leakage of information on exam papers is widespread, all the way from administrative offices to local exam sites. In the case of exam for en

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