PETS5写作-用词选用.ppt

语言功底与写作水平 语言功底包括语言系统知识的掌握和运用能力，如词汇量、语法知识、习惯搭配、修辞手段、文体风格等。 1 Sophisticated 1.Outdoor activities are good to people’s health. 2. Outdoor activities are helpful to people’s health. 3. Outdoor activities are beneficial to people’s health. Which one is the best? 尽量避免使用上义词，而要尽量用表示确切意义的下义词。 如“走”如用walk,就不能确切的表达“走”的方式，要根据实际情况选用准确表达作者意思的下义词： stagger摇摇摆摆地走 plod重步走 march行军 strut大摇大摆地走 wander徘徊地行走 ramble悠闲地走 pace来回踱步 lurk潜伏 loiter闲逛 stride大步行走 trudge跋涉 limp一瘸一拐地走 3. Variety She is not a friend but a nodding acquaintance. Important ( significant, vital, crucial…) Can not do, fail to do, be unable to do… Different ( distinct, distinctive, diverse, various, not the same…) 一些用词方面文体区别： (1)正式英语中常用些“大词”、“长词”，而非正式英语中则常用些短语动词： I hope you will not interrupt us while we are talking. (formal) Don’t butt in while we are talking. (informal) They decided to investigate that matter. (formal) They decided to look into that matter. (informal) 关于用词(迂回表达) ■???? 用近义词代替 decade ascend ( increase, rise, grow, jump, go up…) think ( agree, maintain, argue, believe, hold, suggest, claim, assume, suppose, for my part, as far as I am concerned, from my perspective…) As is known to all as everyone knows, it is well known that, as known to all, it is universally (generally, commonly, widely) known that… ■????? 用其上义词或下义词代替 carbon dioxide ( poisonous gas ) mass media ( TV, radio, newspaper, internet etc.) ■.替代法 There are traffic jams in the city every day. (All the streets are crowded with vehicles in the city every day.) Everywhere people were buying, selling and bargaining. (Everywhere people were buying, selling and discussing the prices.) 外出工作让母亲们没办法照顾好孩子。 Working outside makes women unable to take good care of their children. Working outside makes it impossible for women to take good care of their children. Working outside deprives women of the chance to take good care of their children. How to make the followings more formal? important, much larger, larger( not a little, not a lot), a bit