本科公司法第一章总论.pptVIP

Management risk taking 鼓励管理层挑战经营风险 Without the nonrecourse promise of limited liability, managers would be reluctant to undertake high-risk projects, even when the project promises net positive returns (expected gains exceed expected loss). 如果没有有限责任这种不可追索的承诺，管理层将不愿意挑战高风险的投资项目，即便该项目可带来净收益（即预期收益高于预期损失，因为顾及投资者的经营风险） Limited liability encourages desirable risk taking. 有限责任鼓励管理层挑战必要的经营风险。 Corporate Personality（公司人格） Corporations are recognized at law as separate legal entities. Upon registration under the Corporations Act, the company becomes a separate legal person, distinct from; inter alia, its directors and membership. This conferral of identity allows companies to operate as if they were natural persons by, for example, holding property, contracting and being able to sue and be sued. In addition, companies enjoy all the powers particular to a body corporate. 公司在法律上被作为独立的法人主体。一旦根据公司法注册，公司成为一个独立的法人，与其董事和成员相区别。授予的这种身份让企业如同自然人一样运作，例如，持有财产、订立合同和享有起诉和被起诉的资格。此外，公司享有专属于公司团体的所有权利。 Corporate powers(公司权利) ? To sue and to be sue（诉与被诉） ? To have a corporate seal （拥有企业印章） ? To purchase, receive, lend, sell , invest property（购买、接收、出借、出售、进行投资） ? To make contracts, borrow and lend money, and guarantee the indebtedness of third persons.（订立合同、借款和贷款、保证第三人债务） ? To elect or appoint officers or agents, define their duties, and fix their compensation（选举或任命管理层或代理人，界定他们的职责，并确定其薪酬） ? To purchase shares or interests in, or obligations of, any other entity.（购买任何其他主体的股份，享有其他主体的利益或承担义务） ? To make charitable, scientific or education contributions or donations for the public welfare.（为慈善、科学或教育资助或为公益事业捐赠） ? To be a partner of a partnership.（成为其他合伙企业的合伙人） ? To make and alter bylaws for the administration and regulation of its internal affairs.（ 制定和修改管理内部事务的章程） 公司权利能力的限制 （1）受公司性质的限制 （2）受公司章程的限制 （3）受法律规定的限制 （3）受法律规定的限制 A. 时间上的限制：始于公司成立而终于公司终止 营业执照签发，终于终止即注销登记 B. 设立中的公司：只能从事与公司设立有关的活动 清算中的公司：只能从事与公司清算有关的事务 Ultra vires in the wide sense: Members’ and directors’ powers The impact