分权制衡与议行合一(国外英语资料).doc

分权制衡与议行合一(国外英语资料) Summary The concept of decentralization: Separation of powers (Separation) means the separation of government power from three factors: institution, function and personnel. Three factors of separation of powers: The first factor is the separation of government institutions into three categories: the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. The second factor is that all government activities can be classified as the exercise of legislative, administrative and judicial functions, and each function should be entrusted individually to the appropriate or appropriate government departments. The third factor is the separation, namely the three departments of the government shall be composed of populations with different membership and quite separate, there is no overlap, which means that the government function must be held in different hands respectively in order to protect the freedom of citizens. Concept of checks and balances: Balance (check and) is another factor derived from the theory of separation of powers, which is accompanied by the theory of decentralization and becomes another important theory of Western constitutionalism. The meaning is: if you follow a separation mechanism, functions and personnel, so each government department would restrict the exercise of arbitrary power to other departments, and achieve the balance and coordination of various departments of power. Thus, the theory of decentralization was injected with a positive set of restrictions on the exercise of power. Therefore, the separation of powers is the state power according to its nature and function is divided into independent parts, respectively, from different countries in different organs and personnel to master and make mutual restriction between the various organs, balance the modern sense of the theory of separation of powers in the western world has a long history. Edit this paragraph of cultural background Although the thought of checks and balances has alre