POLAND剖析.PDFVIP

IV.10. SCIENCE AND INNOVATION: POLAND POLAND Hot STI issues ● Implementing policies for a knowledge-based economy. ● Increasing RD expenditure and improving the effectiveness of public research through better funding and governance. ● Stimulating innovation in the business sector and entrepreneurship. ● Increasing the qualifications and effectiveness of research personnel. General features of the STI system: The Polish inhabitants (1(l)(m)). The e-government readiness economy outperformed other EU countries during index, however, is comparatively low (1(n)). the recent global financial crisis. In spite of Polish Recent changes in STI expenditures: In 2010, Poland’s firms’ improved competitiveness on export markets, GERD was 0.74% of GDP. However, GERD grew by a the STI system is characterised by a business sector robust 10.3% a year between 2005 and 2010. Poland’s which innovates relatively little and a weak target is for GERD to reach 1.7% of GDP by 2020. academic system. In 2010, BERD was 0.20% of GDP, In 2010, industry funded a comparatively low 24% of among the lowest in the OECD (Panel 1(d)). Links GERD, while government funded 61%. The share of between industry and science have traditionally GERD financed from abroad doubled to 12%. been weak, a legacy of the state planned economy. A Overall STI strategy: Poland’s STI strategy has small proportion of public research is funded by industry (1(o)) and very few patents are filed by recently been updated to include longer-term objectives. The more forward-looking long-term universities and PRIs (1(p)). The integration