英语词性(初中).docVIP

一.形容词(adj.)-----修饰名词 二.副词(adv.) -----修饰动词 1. 时间和频度副词: now then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too,immediately,hardly,finally,shortly,before,ago,sometimes, yesterday. 2. 地点副词: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3. 方式副词: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4. 程度副词: much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly. 5. 疑问副词: how, when, where, why. 6. 关系副词: when, where, why. 7. 连接副词: how, when, where, why, whether. 三.介词(prep ) 1.介词的种类： （1）简单介词：from, at, in, on, of, over, about, after, for, among, around, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, across, during, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。 四.连词( conj ) 1.概说 连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等；从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等)，引出名词性从句的连词如that, whether等，引出状语从句的连词如when, because, since, if 等。 2.并列连词的用法 （1）. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet 等。如： Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who. 有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。 He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。 （2）. 表示因果关系的并列连词。 这类连词主要有 for, so 等。如： The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。 You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你们一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。 注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。 （3）. 表示并列关系的并列连词。 这类连词主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) , both…and , as well as 等。 如： He didn’t go and she didn’t go either. 他没去，她也没去。 The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。 Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 It is important for you as