01.非谓语动词-教师版(2013长宁一模).doc

学科教师辅导讲义 学员姓名： 年 级： 授课时间： 课时数：2 辅导科目： 英语 学科教师： 课题 非谓语动词 教学目标 掌握非谓语动词的to do to be done 进行 to be doing 完成 to have done to have been done 完成进行 to have been doing 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定时短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。 1. 不定式的用法 1) 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2) 作表语 My job is to help patients. 3) 作宾语 He wanted to go. 下列动词后常接不定式作宾语： afford agree aim appear arrange ask attempt beg campaign care choose claim dare decide demand expect fail fight guarantee happen help hesitate hope intend long manage need neglect offer pause plan prefer prepare pretend promise prove refuse seem strive swear tend threaten trouble undertaken waite want wish 4) 作定语 She’s finally made a decision to leave. 不定式作定语表将来 The conference to take place in Shanghai next month is of great importance. 某些名词后必须用不定式作定语 ① 不定代词 Have you anthing to cure my bad cold? ② 序数词、最高级、限定词 He is always the last one to leave the office. Linda was the only one to stay for the whole performance. ③ 由某些动词、形容词派生的名词 这类名词有 agreement arrangement attempt claim decision desire determination failure need offer plan pleasure promise refusal tendency threat warning wish ability ambition ansiety capability curiosity eagerness freedom patience readiness willingness He has persisted in her refusal to spend Christmas in Bursley. Your ability to analyse the problem really surprises me. 5) 作状语，表示目的、结果、条件和原因 ① 目的状语 I came here to see you. To stop the train, pull the lever downwards. 这里的to do相当于in order to; so as to，其否定式为in order not to, so as not to，但不能用not to We turned the lights off in order not to waste electricity. ② 作结果状语 He hurried to the school only to find nobody there. 6) 作宾补 ① 感官动词 ② 使役动词 ③ 表示“要求”、“希望”、“命令”等动词 I saw him sing in the house. He asked me to do the work with him. 【注意】 suggest，hope，demand，agree等动词作谓语动词，其后不能接宾语补足语，只能用宾语从