新编简明英语语言学教程1-6章复习题集.doc

《英语语言学概论》课程复习题集 (1-6章) 2012-5-16更新 Chapter I Introduction2012 II. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given: ?1. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be d__escriptive_____.(prescriptive /lay down rules) 2.? Chomsky defines “ competence”(语言能力) as the ideal user’s knowledge__________ of the rules of his language. 3. Langue(语言) refers to the a__bstract________ linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions（惯例） and application of the rules. 43. D____uality_____ is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units. 5. Language is a system of a__rbitrary_______ vocal symbols used for human communication. 6. S ocialinguistics is the study of language in relation to society. 7. The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s_yntax_______. 8. Human capacity for language has a g enetic___ basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned. 9. Performance __(语言能力)__ refers to the realization of langue in actual use. 10. Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a__pplied______ linguistics. 11. Language is p___________ in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard be 12. Linguistics is generally defined as the s cientific____ study of language. 13. To help define and maintain interpersonal relations is the s ocial function of language. III. There are four choices following ea