chunnel英法海底隧道.pptVIP

The Channel Tunnel History 1802 1875 1882 Albert Mathieu put forward a cross-Channel tunnel proposal The Channel Tunnel Company Ltd began preliminary[pri‘limin?ri] 初步的 trials The Abbots Cliff heading had reached 897?yards (820 m) and that at Shakespeare Cliff was 2,040?yards (1,870 m) in length January 1975 February 1986 June 1988 December 1988 A UK–France government backed scheme that started in 1974 was cancelled The Treaty of Canterbury was signed allowing the project to proceed First tunnelling commenced in France UK TBM commenced operation December 1990 May 1994 June 1994 November 1996 The service tunnel broke through under the Channel The tunnel was formally opened by HM The Queen and President Mitterrand Freight[freit] 货运 and passenger trains commenced operation A fire in a lorry shuttle severely damaged the tunnel November 2007 September 2008 December 2009 High Speed 1, linking London to the tunnel, opened Another fire in a lorry shuttle severely damaged the tunnel Eurostar trains stranded in the tunnel due to melting snow affecting the trains electrical hardware There have been three fires in the Channel Tunnel that were significant enough to close the tunnel—all on the heavy goods vehicle (HGV) shuttles—and other more minor incidents. During an “invitation only” testing phase阶段 on 9 December 1994, a fire broke out in a Ford Escort car whilst[hwailst] 当…的时候 its owner had been loading it on to the upper deck of a tourist shuttle. The fire started at approximately 10:00 with the shuttle train stationary in the Folkestone terminal and was extinguished[ik‘sti?ɡwi?] 熄灭 around 40 minutes later with no passenger injuries. On 18 November 1996, a fire broke out on a heavy goods vehicle shuttle wagon货车 in the tunnel but nobody was seriously hurt. The exact cause is unknown, although it was not a Eurotunnel equipment or rolling stock problem; it may have been due to arson[ɑ:s?n] 纵火of a heavy goods vehi