伴随状语的用.doc

伴随状语的用法 WITH作伴随状语,或说明造成某一局面的原因.至于是用现在分词,还是过去分词得看与主句主句的关系是被动或主动. Fg: with time passing by随着时间的流逝 He sat on the chair with his eyes closed.他坐在椅子上,眼睛闭着. 总结一下： with 的复合结构可以分以下几种: with + 名词 + 形容词.表处于一种状态. He often sleeps with windows open.他经常开着窗户睡觉. 二.with +名词 + 副词. There is a temple with no table in. 三.with +名词 + 介词短语. The teacher came into the classroom with a book under his arm. 四.with + 名词 + 现在分词.这种结构表动作的主动和进行态. The old woman left the her house with water running all the time. 五.with + 名词 + 过去分词,这种结构表被动和完成. The thief was taken to the police station with his hands tied to his back. 六.with + 名词 + 不定式,这种结构表动作的将来式. The mamager has been busy these days with a lot of work to do . 伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动 作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。  例如： ①He sat in the armchair，reading a newspaper. 他坐在扶手椅里读报。 ②All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem. 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。 伴随状语的判断The dog entered the room, following his master.一般在分词短语 （现在分词表主动 过去表被动）前有逗号的是伴随状语。  伴随状语出现的条件由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个主语处于两种状态， 或 同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态。  伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的主语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。  伴随状语可以有以下几种表示方法：  一、使用分词形式 The dog entered the room, following his master(这条狗跟着主人进了屋)。 The master entered the room, followed by his dog(主人进了屋，后面跟着 他的狗)。  二、用 with 复合结构 The little girls were playing with snow with their hands frozen red(小女孩 们在玩雪，手都冻红了)。 The workers went out of work, talking and laughing all the way(工人们下 班了，一路有说有笑)。  三、用独立主格结构 Last year I came here by climbing over the wall, sword in hand. The little boy goes to school, the little dog accompanying him every day(这小孩每天去上学，那条小狗陪伴着他)。 {独立主格结构的讲析 一、概念：有时一个名词/代词 + 一个其他结构,在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句或并列句，人们通常称这种结构为独立主格或独立结构。 二、独立主格的结构： n/pron + doing River rising, they had to left for safety. to do Much work to do, they had to work for extra hours. done All the work done, they went for lunch. adj. He entered the room, his nose red with cold. adv. He was lying in bed, light on. Prepositional phrase He walked in, cane in hand.