三大悲剧家及其作品比较.pptVIP

Homer epics themes questions Homer sang songs about____ in his epics Why did the people go for the war? Is there any philosophy behind their behavior? What role do those gods play? What is Homer’s attitude towards those gods? What is the end of confrontation between humans and destiny? Heroism Individualism Humanism Sense of religion and tragedy Drama Background Early in their remote past, the Greeks started to perform plays at religious festivals. Out of these origins a powerful drama developed in the 5th century B.C. Performances were given in open-air theatres, with the audience sitting on stone benches and looking down at the stage from three sides. Actors wore masks. 古希腊悲剧 取材：神话、英雄传说、史诗 特点：其反映的事件和情调都很严肃，一般具有深远的历史、宗教和人文背景。崇高悲壮。亚里士多德“诗学” 形式: 唱段和话语 演员：2-3个 Aeschylus Sophocles Euripides 数量：32部 古希腊悲剧的戏剧效果 人物高大雄伟，气势壮烈磅礴，风格崇高悲壮。并非悲观或悲哀，而是一种具有人生哲理意义的对命运的困惑与恐惧。 佛律尼科斯 “米利都的陷落” 三大悲剧作家 埃斯库罗斯（Aeschylus): one of the greatest tragedy writers. The most remarkable things he did are introducing the second player into drama and writing dramas in the form of trilogy. Works: Oresteia, Prometheus Bound, Persians. 俄瑞斯特斯 阿伽门农 奠酒人 复仇女神 俄瑞斯特斯中人的悲剧 在于企望美好的生活而不得不走向它的反面，在于不想作恶而又不得不作恶，在于极端惧怕死亡而又不能不坠入死亡的深渊。 命运的毁灭性力量，善与恶的冲突，伦理内部的冲突, 即善与善的冲突。俄瑞斯特斯要在两种“对”之间选择， 杀母与不杀母。 The Prometheus Bound The Myths of Prometheus Prometheus was one of the Titans, the original race of gods sprung from earth and sky. He sided with Zeus and the other major gods of classical Greece when they overthrew the other Titans. Prometheus made the original human beings. Apollodorus and Pausanias confirm that Prometheus molded the human race out of clay. According to some myths, it was Prometheus who opened the head of Zeus to release the newborn goddess Athena. Prometheus offered Zeus a choice as to which parts of an animal sacrifice would be for the gods, and which parts the humans kept. Prometheus tricked Zeus into choosing the fat and guts, while the humans got to keep the meat for themselve