2014高考英语 语法填空讲义.doc

语法填空考点一：介词 1．语法概念：介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的虚词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有_______,______或相当于名词的其他词类，_______或_____作它的宾语。介词和它的______构成介词词组，在句中作______，_____，_______或________。 注意一些与动词、名词、形容词等习惯搭配的介词；介词一定要有_____，若是动词作介词的宾语，常用______形式。 2．例句分析： 1. The English play ____ which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. 2. The sunlight came in ____ the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room. 3. No one helped me. I did it all ____ myself. 4. —You know, Bob is a little slow ____ understanding, so … —So I have to be patient ____ him. 5. They had a pleasant chat ____ a cup of coffee. 6. Please write ____ ink, never ____ a pencil. 7. In the experiment we kept a watchful eye ____ the developments and recorded every detail. 8. Instead of calling ____ his uncle, he called ____ my new house with his wife that day. Ⅰ.规律搭配介词短语 ①in front of in place of in point of in spite of in case of in memory of in need of=in want of in favor of in charge of in praise of in search of in honor of ②出于……动机；由于……原因 out of curiosity out of carelessness out of necessity ③在……范围以外；超越……界限以外 out of sight out of the ordinary sing out of the tune out of breath out of print out of shape out of control ④with care= carefully with difficulty =difficultly with warmth= warmly with pride= proudly with curiosity=curiously with surprise= surprisedly ⑤to one’s surprise to one’s relief to one’s joy to one’s satisfactory to one’s disappointment to one’s astonishment to one’s annoyance /delight/regret/sorrow/amazement stick to II. 易误用作其它词类的介词 against without concerning 1. against 相反；反对；违反；撞着，碰着; 倚靠 , argue against be against have an objection against = disagree to/with /oppose /object to 45% of the students have an objection against the rule. 45% of the students opp