新目标初二英语Unit1SectionB重难点.docVIP

2014年寒假杨老师英语课堂 第4讲：Unit1 What’s the matter?(SectionB) 被动语态： 1：英语中语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 语态的作用：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。 语态的选用：如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态。 例如：We clean the room every day. 如果主语是动作的承受A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者。宾语是谓语动词的对象。 B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者(动作的对象)。 (把主动语态改为被动语态也就是把主动句中的宾语改为被动句的主语，这是最关键的着眼点，同时谓语动词作相应的变化。.被动语态的基本结构： 主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者） 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词如： Trees are planted every year.  现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词如：The road is being repaired.  现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词如：The work has been finished.  一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词如：The story was told by him. Many birds were killed last year. 过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词如：The new house was being painted when I got home. 过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词如： He told me that the work had been finished. 一般将来时 will +be + 过去分词如： The problem will be discussed tomorrow.  过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词如： He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon.情态动词的被动语态情态动词+ be +过去分词 如：The problem must be solved soon.Children should be taught to love animals. 用动词的正确语态填空。 1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month. 3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital. 4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop. 5. What ___ a knife ______ (make) of? It _______________(make) of metal and wood （一）定义 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 （二）结构 is/am/are 的过去进行时态形式：(was/were) doing 过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.否定句例句：I wasnt walking down the street when a UFO landed.一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?1. I ______ cooked a meal when you _____ me. a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rang c. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang 2. He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. a. tries b. tried