高考英语定语从句关系词使用详解.pptVIP

在“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如果关系代词指代事物就用 which; 如果指代人则用 whom; This is the classroom in which we studied last year。 这就是我们去年学习的教室。 　　 There are sixty students in our class, twenty of whom are girls. 我们班有六十个学生，其中二十个是女生。;注意有些动词短语不能拆开使用。 常用的有: look after, look for, turn in, pay attention to, take care of, depend on, listen to 等。 The babies (whom) the nurses are looking after are very healthy 。 　　 Is this the book (which/that) she was looking for ？ 　　 These are the words (which/that) you should pay attention to.　　;在先行词是物的限定性定语从句中， that和which一般可互换， 但在下列情况下不可以互换： 只能用that，不能用which作先行词的情况 (1)先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时， 关系代词通常只用that， 不用which.;不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，英语中 不定代词包括： some- (something，somebody，someone)， any- (anything，anybody，anyone)， no- (nothing，nobody，no one)， every- (everything，everybody，everyone)， all，each，both，much，many， (a) little，(a) few，other(s)， another，none，one，either， neither等。;(2)先行词被序数词、 形容词最高级、 the only， the very， the last等修饰时， 关系代词通常只用that， 不用which.　　;The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。 The foreign visitors spoke highly of the pioneers and their performances that they saw at the Children’s Palace. 外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。　　;(4)关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时， 通常只用that， 不用which.　　;好说歹说关系词;2. 只用which，不能用that作先行词的情况　　（1） 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词＋关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词时， 关系代词必须用which.例如：　　① The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。　　② This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。　　注意： 如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首， which就可换为that， 例如： This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。　　;（2） 先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时， 关系代词通常只用which而不用that.例如：　　①Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior. 学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。　　②A bookshop should deal with a variety of those best sellers which are newly published. 书店应该经营新出版的各种畅