倒装(全).doc

倒装 【知识简介】 一般陈述句结构为“主语+谓语”，如果将句子某一部分移到句子前面而引起主语和谓语的顺序颠倒就成了倒装。疑问句一般均为倒装，但我们这里将不予讨论。倒装有两种情况：全部倒装（）部分倒装（助动词）。【要点难点】全部倒装 here, there, now, then等副词置于句首时用全倒装形式，这种句型常用来强调或提醒一个正在进行的动作，但谓语动词多为一般现在时形式（有时也用一般过去时）。Here are the tools. 工具在这儿。Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。There goes the bell. 铃响了。There entered a strange little man. 走进来一个奇怪而身村又矮小的人。Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前，海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。Then came Mary and George. 然后玛丽和乔治来了。如果主语为人称代词，则主谓不能倒装。—Where’s my dictionary? 我的词典在哪里？—Here it is. 给。（不说Here is it.） 表示位置或时间的副词如away, up, down, in, out, next, soon等句子用全倒装形式。在这种句型中，谓语动词往往是be动词及come, go, fall, fly, lie等趋向动词。Down came the rain. 下雨了。Up went the arrow into the air. 飕地一声，箭射上了天。Away went the boy to the school! 那男孩子到学校里去了！In came our English teacher, with a dictionary in his hand. 英语老师走了进来，手里拿着本词典。主谓不能倒装Away he went, without waiting for any reply. 他没等回答就离开了。地点介词短语在句首时，常用全部倒装形式In the cottage lives a family of six. 在这幢小茅屋里住着一家六口。Before them lay miles of undulating moorland. 他们前面是一片高低起伏的荒原。Near the bridge was an old cottage. 在桥的附近有一幢古老的小茅舍。In the castle lived the Snow White with the seven dwarfs. 白雪公主和七个小矮人住在城堡里。Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc. 地下埋藏了大量金、银、铜、铅和锌。Shown together with these products were models of steel works. 和这些产品一道展出的还有钢铁厂的模型。Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen. 躺在地板上的是一个年约十七岁的男孩。Standing beside the table was an interpreter. 站在桌旁的是一位口译员。直接引语位于句首时，点明说话人的部分主谓语要? Are you listening to English on the radio? said Mother. 妈妈问：“你在听英语广播么？” 2. 部分倒装 含有否定意义的副词词组置于句首以表示强调时，句子用部分倒装形式。这类词有：not, never, never before, nowhere, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely no longer, in no time, not a + 名词, not a single + 名词, by no means(决不), in/under no circumstances(决不), in no way(决不), on no account(决不), in no case(决不)Never before have I shown it to anyone. 我从来没有拿给任何人看过。Little did I realize what was upsetting him. 我完全没意识到什么让他不高兴。Nowhere could I see him. 哪儿都见不到他。By no means is it true