论述广告摄影中大型相机移轴与透视效果的运用.doc

摘 要 大型相机移轴功能的主要作用是 改变影像的透视效果，校正变形及控制清晰度的分配范围。①这三种作用是中小型相机所无法做到的，大型移轴相机的特殊优势。中小型相机只能靠改变像距来实现对焦，大型移轴相机则可以通过平移，倾斜等各种移轴变化进行对焦。 在广告摄影拍摄中，有的商品既要看到物体的正面和侧面，而且还要表现物体的顶面，这时就必须用俯角拍的角度，一般中小型相机只要呈俯拍角度时，垂直平行线条必然产生向下会聚的现象。 在广告摄影中，有时厂家需要的照片既要有正面，又要有广告产品的侧面，而且要求正面的水平线条平行，在这种前提下，只有用可移轴的大型相机才能完成任务。通过合理的移轴能够同时得到一个建筑物的正面和侧面的正确透视。 用大型移轴相机校正照片上建筑物或商品包装盒的水平线条的透视变形是经常遇到的事情，这也是专业摄影家首先考虑到的问题。 关键词：沙姆定律 清晰范围 移轴透视 ABSTRACT Camera features a large main effect of shift is to change the image perspective effect, calibration and control of sharpness of the distribution of deformation range. The role of these three can not be done by small and medium sized camera, a large shift of the special advantages of the camera. Small cameras can only be achieved by changing the image distance focus, the camera is a large shift can pan, tilt and other changes shift the focus. Photo shoot in the ad, some products should not only see the front and side of objects, but also the performance of the top surface of the object, and you have to shoot with the angle of depression angle was generally small as long as the overhead camera angle, vertical Down the convergence of parallel lines inherent in the phenomenon. In advertising photography, sometimes manufacturers need to have both a positive picture, but also have the side of buildings, and require the level of the front lines of the parallel, in this context, only with a large camera may shift to complete the task. The reasonable simultaneous shift to get a front and side building the right perspective. Shift with a large building or a photo camera calibration box level product line perspective distortion is often encountered in things, which is considered the first professional photographer to the problem. Key words: Cham Law Perspective clear shift range 前 言 移轴摄影，一个通常只在建筑，广告摄影等专业领域里才出现的名词。而在普通摄影学生的意识里，这个名词则颇具有一丝神秘的色彩，神秘源于陌生，因为很少有人能在日常拍摄中使用到这种特殊用途的大型移轴相机的拍摄方式。于是乎，移轴技术也曾一度被人遗忘到冷宫中，但是并没有人规定移轴的效果只能在建筑广告摄影中应用，只要有创意，你就会发现移轴摄影所带来的神秘独特的光影魅力。目前在国内外的一些作品中，我们可以看